tailieunhanh - báo cáo hóa học: " Increased circulating leukocyte numbers and altered macrophage phenotype correlate with the altered immune response to brain injury in metallothionein (MT) -I/II null mutant mice"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Increased circulating leukocyte numbers and altered macrophage phenotype correlate with the altered immune response to brain injury in metallothionein (MT) -I/II null mutant mice | Pankhurst et al. Journal of Neuroinflammation 2011 8 172 http content 8 1 172 JJOURNAL1 OF. NEUROINFLAMMATION RESEARCH Open Access Increased circulating leukocyte numbers and altered macrophage phenotype correlate with the altered immune response to brain injury in metallothionein MT -I II null mutant mice Michael W Pankhurst William Bennett Matthew TK Kirkcaldie Adrian K West and Roger S Chung Abstract Background Metallothionein-I and -II MT-I II is produced by reactive astrocytes in the injured brain and has been shown to have neuroprotective effects. The neuroprotective effects of MT-I II can be replicated in vitro which suggests that MT-I II may act directly on injured neurons. However MT-I II is also known to modulate the immune system and inflammatory processes mediated by the immune system can exacerbate brain injury. The present study tests the hypothesis that MT-I II may have an indirect neuroprotective action via modulation of the immune system. Methods Wild type and MT-I II- - mice were administered cryolesion brain injury and the progression of brain injury was compared by immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR. The levels of circulating leukocytes in the two strains were compared by flow cytometry and plasma cytokines were assayed by immunoassay. Results Comparison of MT-I II- - mice with wild type controls following cryolesion brain injury revealed that the MT-I II- - mice only showed increased rates of neuron death after 7 days post-injury DPI . This coincided with increases in numbers of T cells in the injury site increased IL-2 levels in plasma and increased circulating leukocyte numbers in MT-I II- - mice which were only significant at 7 DPI relative to wild type mice. Examination of mRNA for the marker of alternatively activated macrophages Ym1 revealed a decreased expression level in circulating monocytes and brain of MT-I II- - mice that was independent of brain injury. Conclusions These .