tailieunhanh - Appropriate prescribing in elderly people: how well can it be measured and optimised?

We studied four types of decisions with a potential for age effects. One feature of wisdom, which presumably is acquired over a lifetime, is meta-knowledge, accurately knowing one's own knowledge and abilities. We assessed this with self-reported confidence on answers to trivia questions. A common stereotype of older people is that they are “conservative, dislike taking risk and are “set in their ways”. We tested this stereotype using choices over monetary gambles similar to those performed by psychologists and biologists . The monetary gambles include incomplete and complete information designs (., where probabilities are. | Series Prescribing in Elderly People 1 Appropriate prescribing in elderly people how well can it be measured and optimised Anne Spinewine Kenneth E Schmader Nick Barber Carmel Hughes Kate L Lapane Christian Swine Joseph T Hanlon Prescription of medicines is a fundamental component of the care of elderly people and optimisation of drug prescribing for this group of patients has become an important public-health issue worldwide. Several characteristics of ageing and geriatric medicine affect medication prescribing for elderly people and render the selection ofappropriate pharmacotherapy a challenging and complex process. In the first paper in this series we aim to define and categorise appropriate prescribing in elderly people critically review the instruments that are available to measure it and discuss their predictive validity critically review recent randomised controlled intervention studies that assessed the effect of optimisation strategies on the appropriateness of prescribing in elderly people and suggest directions for future research and practice. Introduction Prescription of medicines is a fundamental component of the care of elderly people. Several characteristics of ageing and geriatric medicine affect medication prescribing for these people and render the selection of appropriate pharmacotherapy a challenging and complex process. Interindividual variability in health disease and disability increases substantially with ageing which is a gerontological principle known as aged This heterogeneity means that the health status of elderly people ranges widely from those who are fit to those who are frail which makes generalisation of prescribing decisions difficult for clinicians. Although there are increasing numbers of fit healthy elderly people there are also increasing numbers of those who are vulnerable and frail and have limited physiological reserve reduced homoeostasis dysregulations in immune and inflammation mechanisms several .