tailieunhanh - Coastal Planning and Management - Chapter 1

Chương này giới thiệu tầm quan trọng và tính độc đáo của thế giới vùng ven biển, với quan điểm một phác thảo các vấn đề ven biển và lập kế hoạch và công cụ quản lý được mô tả trong chương sau. Một số thuật ngữ quan trọng, bao gồm cả khu vực ven biển, "kế hoạch" và "quản lý" được định nghĩa, và sử dụng các khu vực ven biển các điều khoản và vùng ven biển "được thảo luận. các nguyên tắc cơ bản của phương pháp tiếp cận thực hiện trong cuốn sách được mô tả | Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter introduces the importance and uniqueness of the world s coastal areas with a view to outlining the coastal issues and planning and management tools described in later chapters. Several important terms including coastal area planning and management are defined and the use of the terms coastal area and coastal zone is discussed. The fundamentals of the approach taken in the book are described. Coastal areas or coastal zones The boundary between the land and ocean is generally not a clearly defined line on a map but occurs through a gradual transitional region. The name given to this transitional region is usually coastal zone or coastal area . In common English there is little distinction between zone or area but in coastal management there has been some debate as to the implied meanings associated with zone as used in coastal zone management . The debate has focused on the implication that zone may imply that geographically defined planning zones will be established and become the dominant part of the coastal management process. This implication is not important in many developed countries where coastal zone management is a phrase commonly used to describe a variety of coastal programmes OECD 1992 such as the US Coastal Zone Management Act 1972 . But developing countries often equate coastal zone with land-use or marine-park zoning Chapter 4 . Although coastal zone and zoning within the coastal zone are clearly different to avoid confusion many coastal management initiatives use the description coastal area . UNEP OCA PAC 1982 Chua and Pauly 1989 . Kaluwin 1996 describes the notion of delineating a zone or area as an essentially western concept which places artificial boundaries on the geographical extent of this transition. He considers it culturally inappropriate for Pacific islands where the coast has traditionally been viewed as a transitional region between land and ocean however few Copyright 1999 Taylor Francis Group