tailieunhanh - Memory training alters hippocampal neurochemistry in healthy elderly

We do not see significant differences in behavior of the younger and older subjects. Somewhat surprisingly subjects more often than not chose the lower average payoff decks. Among older subjects, 58% chose the lower payoff decks on four or more of the six choices, while 59% of the younger subjects did so (Table 1 and Figure 3). The proportions were similar across age groups for each of the six different deck pairs Older women were significantly more likely than older men to choose the lower mean, higher variance decks (Figure 4).Of the 54 choices made by the. | AGEING NeuroReport Memory training alters hippocampal neurochemistry in healthy elderly Michael J. Valenzuela 1 2 CA Megan Jones 1 Wei Wen 1 Caroline Rae 3 Scott Graham 4 Ronald Shnier4 and Perminder Sachdev1 2 1Neuropsychiatric Institute The Prince of Wales Hospital Euroa Centre Randwick NSW 2031 2School of University of New South Wales Sydney 3Department of Biochemistry The University of Sydney 4St George MRI St George Hospital Sydney Australia CA 1Corresponding Author and Address michaelv@ Received 2 January 2003 accepted 12 February 2003 DOI Accumulating epidemiological evidence supports the notion of brain reserve but there has been no investigation of neurobiologi-cal change associated with brief mental activation training in humans. Healthy older individuals were therefore investigated with magnetic resonance spectroscopy MRS in different brain regions before and after 5 weeks of focused memory training. Recall of a test-word list of 23 items was achieved accompanied by eleva tion of creatine and choline signals in the hippocampus. Those at risk for neural dysfunction as indicated by lower neurometabolites at baseline demonstrated the largest MRS increases after training. Biochemical changes related to cellular energy and cell-membrane turnover were found to increase after structured memory exercises and were limited to the medial temporal lobe. NeuroReport 14 1333-1337 2003 Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Key words Ageing Brain reserve Creatine Dementia Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Memory Training INTRODUCTION How can lifetime patterns of mental activity modulate the pathogenesis or clinical manifestation of neurodegenerative disease This concept commonly referred to as brain reserve has arisen from epidemiological studies showing that activities such as advanced education occupational complexity greater pre-morbid IQ and increased participation in post-retirement leisure activities independently

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