tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Protease inhibitor-induced nausea and vomiting is attenuated by a peripherally acting, opioid-receptor antagonist in a rat model"

Protease inhibitor-induced nausea and vomiting is attenuated by a peripherally acting, opioid-receptor antagonist in a rat model | AIDS Research and Therapy BioMed Central Research Open Access Protease inhibitor-induced nausea and vomiting is attenuated by a peripherally acting opioid-receptor antagonist in a rat model Chun-Su Yuan 1 2 Chong-Zhi Wang1 Sangeeta R Mehendale1 Han H Aung1 Adela Foo1 and Robert J Israel3 Address Department of Anesthesia Critical Care University of Chicago Chicago USA 2Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago USA and 3Progenics Pharmaceuticals Inc. Tarrytown NY USA Email Chun-Su Yuan - cyuan@ Chong-Zhi Wang - czwang@ Sangeeta R Mehendale - smehendale@ Han H Aung - haung@ Adela Foo - afoo13597@ Robert J Israel - risrael@ Corresponding author Published 21 August 2009 Received 10 February 2009 AIDS Research and Therapy 2009 6 19 doi l742-6405-6-l9 Accepted 21 August 2009 This article is available from http content 6 l 19 2009 Yuan et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract_ Background Protease inhibitors such as ritonavir can cause nausea and vomiting which is the most common reason for discontinuation. Rats react to nauseous and emetic stimuli by increasing their oral intake of non-nutritive substances like kaolin known as pica behavior. In this study we evaluated the effects of methylnaltrexone a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist that does not affect analgesia on ritonavir-induced nausea and vomiting in a rat pica model. Results We observed that 24 to 48 hr after administration of oral ritonavir 20 mg kg kaolin consumption