tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " Possible transmission of HIV Infection due to human bite"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Possible transmission of HIV Infection due to human bite. | Deshpande et al. AIDS Research and Therapy 2011 8 16 http content 8 1 16 AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY CASE REPORT Open Access Possible transmission of HIV Infection due to human bite Alaka K Deshpande1 Shivaji K Jadhav2 and Atmaram H Bandivdekar2 Abstract The potential risk of HIV-1 infection following human bite although epidemiologically insignificant but it is biologically possible. There are anecdotal reports of HIV transmission by human bites particularly if saliva is mixed with blood. The oral tissues support HIV replication and may serve as a previously unrecognized HIV reservoir. The HIV infected individuals have more viruses in blood than saliva possibly due to the potent HIV-inhibitory properties of saliva. The case presented here is of a primary HIV infections following a human bite where in the saliva was not blood stained but it got smeared on a raw nail bed of a recipient. The blood and saliva of the source and blood of the recipient showed a detectable viral load with 91 sequence homology of C2-V3 region of HIV gp120 between the two individuals. The recipient did not receive PEP post exposure prophylaxis as his family physician was unaware of salivary transmission. The family physician should have taken PEP decision after proper evaluation of the severe and bleeding bite. Hence it is necessary to treat the HIV infected human bites with post exposure prophylaxis. Introduction The epidemiological data has supported the premise that HIV transmission via saliva is low or non-existent due to inhibitory factors in saliva. The risk of HIV-1 infection following human bite although epidemiologically insignificant but it is biologically possible 1 2 . Animal studies with rhesus macaques shows the infants are more susceptible to oral infections 3 . The oral trauma co-infections with other sexually transmitted pathogens periodontal diseases concomitant ulcerative lesions further enhance oral HIV transmission. The human bites as a rare risk .