tailieunhanh - The Biology of NKT Cells Albert Bendelac - part 1

Viện Y khoa Howard Hughes, Ủy ban về Miễn dịch học và Sở Bệnh học Đại học Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, email: abendela@ Sở Hóa học, Đại học Brigham Young, Provo, Utah 84602, email: paul dã man @ BYU. edu Khoa Miễn dịch học, Viện nghiên cứu Scripps | Annu. Rev. Immunol. 297-336. Downloaded from by HINARI on 09 21 07. For personal use only. The Biology of NKT Cells Albert Bendelac 1 Paul B. Savage 2 and Luc Teyton3 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute Committee on Immunology and Department of Pathology University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 email abendela@ 2Department of Chemistry Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 email pauLsavage@ 3Department of Immunology Scripps Research Institute La Jolla California 92037 email lteyton@ Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2007. 25 297-336 First published online as a Review in Advance on December 6 2006 The Annual Review of Immunology is online at This article s doi Copyright 2007 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved 0732-0582 07 0423-0297 Key Words natural killer T cell lymphocyte development innate immunity a-proteobacteria Sphingomonas Ehrlichia Salmonella glycolipid CD1d antigen presentation Abstract Recognized more than a decade ago NKT cells differentiate from mainstream thymic precursors through instructive signals emanating during TCR engagement by CDld-expressing cortical thymocytes. Their semi-invariant a 3 TCRs recognize isoglobotrihexo-sylceramide a mammalian glycosphingolipid as well as microbial a-glycuronylceramides found in the cell wall of Gram-negative lipopolysaccharide-negative bacteria. This dual recognition of self and microbial ligands underlies innate-like antimicrobial functions mediated by CD40L induction and massive Th1 and Th2 cytokine and chemokine release. Through reciprocal activation of NKT cells and dendritic cells synthetic NKT ligands constitute promising new vaccine adjuvants. NKT cells also regulate a range of immunopatho-logical conditions but the mechanisms and the ligands involved remain unknown. NKT cell biology has emerged as a new field of research at the frontier between innate and adaptive .