tailieunhanh - InternatIonal medIcal graduates In amerIcan medIcIne: Contemporary challenges and opportunities

In most countries, high medicine prices are a consequence of high prices charged by manufacturers and/or high add-ons in the supply chain, such as wholesale and retail margins and government-imposed duties and taxes. Both of these factors, acting either singly or in combination, can substantially increase the final price of medicines to patients in both the public and private sectors. In the limited number of low- and middle-income countries for which data are available, private sector wholesale mark-ups range from 2% to 380%, whereas retail mark-ups range from 10% to 552% (4). In countries where value added tax (VAT) is. | INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL GRADUATES IN AMERICAN MEDICINE Contemporary challenges and opportunities A position paper by the AMA-IMG Section Governing Council January 2010 AMA AMERICAN MED I c A L ASSOCIATION Table of contents Page Profile of Historical context of medical education and History of the Controversies in physician work force Council on Graduate Medical Pew Health Professions A consensus The Institute of Managed Reduce GME Physician work force recommendation IMG Gap filling or safety net IMGs in primary IMGs in academic medicine and 2009 Nobel Prize Trends among IMG faculty at . medical schools Graduate medical Selecting residency programs. 22 ECFMG Applying to graduate medical education National Resident Matching Obtaining a residency position in the United International medical Immigration and Temporary worker H-1B Immigrant Significant dates in . immigration policy affecting USIMGs . 31 Dynamics of migration Brain International medical graduates in American medicine I Contemporary challenges and opportunities January 2010 Table of contents continued Page IMGs in organized 2009-2010 AMA-IMG Section Governing State medical societies with IMG Additional recommended Appendix A Index of tables and International medical graduates in American medicine II Contemporary challenges and opportunities January .