tailieunhanh - Applications of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Part 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'applications of robotics and artificial intelligence part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | APPLICATIONS OF ROBOTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 41 considerations . The transfer of knowledge to industry at large is thus rarely done by those with knowledge of both industry and the technology which makes the industrialization process more risky. Premature determination of results. The risk exists of unwittingly predetermining the outcome of decisions that should be made after further research and development. The needed skills simply are not in industry or in the government in the quantities needed to prevent this from happening on occasion. Nontransferabie software tools. Virtually all software knowledge engineering systems and languages are scantily documented and often only supported to the extent possible by the single researcher who originally wrote it. The universities are not in the business to assure proper support of systems for the life-cycle needs of the military and industry although some of the new AI companies are beginning to support their respective programming environments. 37 Lack of standards. There are no documentation standards or restrictions on useful programming languages or performance indices to assess system performance. Mismatch between needed computer resources and existing machinery. The symbolic languages and the programs written are more demanding on conventional machines than appears on the surface or is being advertised by some promoters. Knowledge acquisition is an art. The successful expert systems developed to date are all examples of handcrafted knowledge. As a result system performance cannot be specified and the concepts of test integration reliability maintainability testability and quality assurance in general are very fuzzy notions at this point in the evaluation of the art. A great deal of work is required to quantify or systematically eliminate such notions. Formal programs for education and training do not exist. The academic centers that have developed the richest base of research activities award the computer