tailieunhanh - THE LINGUISTICS, NEUROLOGY, AND POLITICS OF PHONICS - PART 8

Sự phức tạp của các quy tắc ngữ âm được đề xuất trước đây có vẻ như một số những gì kỳ lạ. Có nghĩa là gì để nói rằng một trong những quy tắc ngữ âm giao một tình trạng cũ ceptional một chuỗi hoặc từ đối với một quy tắc ngữ âm khác? Tại sao các quy tắc ngữ âm hành xử theo một Nguyên tắc | Chapter 12 The Naturalness of Exceptions to Phonics Rules The complexity of the phonics rules proposed previously may seem somewhat strange. What does it mean to say that one phonics rule assigns an exceptional status to a string or word with respect to another phonics rule Why should phonics rules behave according to a Principle for Competing Phonics Rules PCPR But reflecting on the panoply of phonics rules and on the global principles governing their interaction makes it clear that there is a fundamental naturalness to their formulation. Consider the simple rules for digraphs such as ph is pronounced f or ch is pronounced c . To say for example that ph is pronounced f applies to an input string like Phil and that is pronounced p and A is pronounced h do not is simply another way of saying that Phil is an exception to the latter rules. Thus the PCPR simply describes the conditions under which an input string is an exception to a rule and undergoes another rule instead. From this perspective it is entirely natural to expect the phonics system to also include rules that simply assign exception status to certain strings. In this manner the system allows words that are exceptions to the exceptions. Thus pint is an exception to the short-vowel rule which itself is an exception to the default rule i is pronounced ay . The existence of exceptions to exceptions can be seen whenever there are three groups of words with respect to a rule a pi and hi undergo only default rules yielding pay and hay b pin sin hint undergo the i is pronounced I rule which is an exception to the default rule i is pronounced ay and because no other nondefault rules apply to these words they can be called first-order exceptions c bind find and grind are sec 135 136 CHAPTER 12 ond-order exceptions with pronunciations determined by the rule uind is an exception to the short-vowel rule for letter i which itself is an exception to the default rule for vowel letter i d wind a stormy wind is a .