tailieunhanh - THE LINGUISTICS, NEUROLOGY, AND POLITICS OF PHONICS - PART 7

Từ một quan điểm chính thức, nó có thể được quan sát thấy rằng các nguyên tắc nondefault xác định một chuỗi các chữ cái, một trong số đó là ký tự dưới sẽ chuyển đổi thuộc về thanh âm, và những người khác trong đó đại diện cho bối cảnh chữ cái cần thiết. | 114 CHAPTER 9 default rule that applies to the same letter tipping in favor of the nondefault rule. From a formal standpoint it can be observed that the nondefault rule specifies a sequence of letters one of which is the letter undergoing the phonic conversion and the others of which represent the necessary alphabetic context. A default rule contains only the single letter undergoing the phonic conversion. This means that instead of characterizing the PCPR as selecting a nondefault rule over a default rule that converts the same letter to a sound the PCPR can be characterized as selecting the rule that applies to a string of letters containing the target letter over the rule that applies to the single target letter by itself. Then the reason letter i immediately followed by two consonants is pronounced I takes precedence over and blocks letter i is pronounced ay is not simply that the former is a nondefault rule and the latter is a default rule. Rather it is that the former applies to a letter sequence that is more highly specified than the latter. More generally therefore the PCPR can be formulated as follows Principle for Competing Phonics Rules If phonics rule R applies to a sequence of letters and phonics rule R applies to a letter or letter sequence contained entirely within the sequence of letters for rule R then rule R takes precedence over and blocks the application of rule R . Because letter i is contained entirely within the letter sequence int the rule for the latter takes precedence over and blocks the application of the rule for i alone. Because letter sequence int is contained entirely within letter sequence pint the rule for pint the exception rule takes precedence over the rule for int. Likewise the word ma is converted to ma not mey because letter string a lies entirely within letter string ma. The word new is pronounced nuw not niy because the letter string e is contained entirely within the letter string ew. Similar behavior follows from the fact