tailieunhanh - Ophthalmic medications pharmacology - part 9

Nó đã được cho biết rằng mắt là bellwether của cơ thể chính trị. Nói một cách đơn giản, những gì diễn ra ở những nơi khác trong cơ thể có thể ảnh hưởng có thể nhìn thấy trong mắt. Theo mục đích của cuộc thảo luận này | 104 Chapter 12 OphA Ocular Side Effects of Systemically Administered Medications It has been said that the eye is the bellwether of the body politic. Simply put what goes on elsewhere in the body can exert effects that are visible in the eye. For the purposes of this discussion we should acknowledge that it is almost impossible to take any medication without it having some side effect somewhere in the body. As the eye receives a continuous high-flow blood supply it is commonly subject to toxicity from systemically administered medications. There are several classes of drugs that are specifically known to have ocular toxicity. In clinical practice the 2 medications that result in referral for ophthalmic evaluation are prednisone and chloroquine. Chemotherapy will also be discussed briefly. Prednisone is administered for conditions such as asthma arthritis skin problems and immunosuppression. Far and away most medication-caused ocular side effects will be due to prednisone usage. The 2 most common ocular side effects of systemic or topical corticosteroids are increased IOP glaucoma and posterior subcapsular cataracts. Chloroquine Plaquenil is used in individuals with collagen vascular diseases such as arthritis and lupus. It has been known to accumulate in pigmented tissues within the body and can concentrate within the eye in such tissues as the cornea and the retinal pigment epithelium. Corneal deposition of chloroquine rarely has visual implications. However deposition of the drug within the retina can lead to loss of night vision and progressive deterioration of central visual acuity. Chemotherapeutic agents can cause conjunctivitis ocular inflammation and edema. In addition systemic chemotherapy can induce a dry eye syndrome. All patients who are undergoing chemotherapy should use ocular lubricants and be observed closely by their eyecare professionals. __What the Patient Needs to Know Make sure every doctor who .