tailieunhanh - Energy Management Systems 2012 Part 10

Tham khảo tài liệu 'energy management systems 2012 part 10', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 168 Energy Management Systems To maintain the cooling medium flow rate constant in the cooling system it is necessary a makeup flowrate to replace the lost water by evaporation drift and blowdown Fwr E _Fwev ncl E _Fwd nd Fwi 39 ncteNCT ncteNCT Note that the total water evaporated and drift loss of water in the cooling tower network are considered. The flowrate required by the cooling network FCLIin is determined as follow FCUin Fwctn Fwr 40 and the inlet cooling medium temperature to the cooling network is obtained from TCUinFCUin TwctnFwctn TwrFwr 41 To avoid mathematical problems the recycle between cooling towers is not considered therefore it is necessary to specify that the recycle in the same cooling tower and from a cooling tower of the stage nd to the cooling tower of stage nd-1 is zero FTTnctl ncf 0 nct nctl e NCT ndl nd 42 The following relationships are used to model the design equations for the cooling towers to satisfy the cooling requirements for the cooling network. First the following disjunction is used to determine the existence of a cooling tower and to apply the corresponding design equations Znct m iT max 1 net 1 net m mmin 1 net 1 net -z nd 6 NCT Here is a Boolean variable used to determine the existence of the cooling towers is an upper limit for the variables I 1 is a lower limit for the variables Pncf is any design variable of the cooling tower like inlet flowrate mass air flowrate Merkel number and others. For example when inlet flowrate to the cooling tower is used previous disjunction for the inlet flowrate to the cooling tower is reformulated as follows Fwin nct - - 0 cf e NCT Fwin nct - - cf e NCT 43 44 where Cf C f and cj1 1 are upper and lower limits for the inlet flowrate to the cooling tower respectively. Notice that this reformulation is applied to each design variable of the cooling towers. The detailed thermal-hydraulic design of cooling towers is modeled with Merkel s method Merkel 1926 . The required Merkel s number in each .

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