tailieunhanh - Light Measurement Handbook phần 2

Lumen (lm) là tương đương trắc quang của watt, trọng lượng để phù hợp với phản ứng mắt của "người quan sát chuẩn". -Ánh sáng màu xanh lá cây vàng nhận được trọng lượng lớn nhất bởi vì nó kích thích mắt hơn ánh sáng màu xanh hoặc màu đỏ của năng lượng bức xạ như nhau: 1 watt ở 555 nm = 683,0 lumens | Light Measurement Handbook 1998 by Alex Ryer International Light Inc. Visible Light The lumen Im is the photometric equivalent of the watt weighted to match the eye response of the standard observer . Yellowish-green light receives the greatest weight because it stimulates the eye more than blue or red light of equal radiometric power 1 watt at 555 nm lumens To put this into perspective the human eye can detect a flux of about 10 photons per second at a wavelength of 555 nm this corresponds to a radiant power of x 10-18 W or J s-1 . Similarly the eye can detect a minimum flux of 214 and 126 photons per second at 450 and 650 nm respectively. Use of a photopic correction filter is important when measuring the perceived brightness of a source to a human. The filter weights incoming light in proportion to the effect it would produce in the human eye. Regardless of the color or spectral distribution of the source the photopic detector can deliver accurate illuminance and luminance measurements in a single reading. Scotopic vision refers to the eye s dark-adapted sensitivity night vision . 11 Light Measurement Handbook 1998 by Alex Ryer International Light Inc. Effective Irradiance Effective irradiance is weighted in proportion to the biological or chemical effect that light has on a substance. A detector and filter designed with a weighted responsivity will yield measurements that directly reflect the overall effect of an exposure regardless of the light source. Figure shows the ACGIH spectral weighting function for actinic ultraviolet radiation on human skin which is used to determine UV hazard. The threshold limit value peaks at 270 nm representing the most dangerous segment of the UV spectrum. The harmful effect at 270 nm is two times greater than at the 254 and 297 nm mercury lines and 9000 times greater than at the 365 nm mercury line. The outlying extremes of the bandwidth are important to consider as well. If for example you are trying to assess .

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