tailieunhanh - Handbook of Positive Psychology Phần 3

Tâm lý học là một lĩnh vực nghiên cứu về quy luật chung nhất của sự vận động thế giới đời sống con người dưới sự tác động qua lại tích cực của cá nhân với thực tại khách quan. | CHAPTER 11. COPING THROUGH EMOTIONAL APPROACH 153 treatment for breast cancer. In a 3-month longitudinal study they found that women who coped through expressing emotions surrounding cancer at study entry had fewer medical appointments for cancer-related morbidities . pain lymphedema during the subsequent 3 months enhanced self-perceived physical health and vigor and decreased distress relative to women low in coping through emotional expression. These relations held when participant age other coping strategy scores including seeking social support and initial values on dependent variables were controlled statistically. Expressive coping also was related to improved quality of life for women who viewed their social contexts as highly receptive. Coping through emotional processing was associated only with one index reflecting greater distress over time. The strong and consistent findings for emotional expression relative to emotional processing in this study may reflect the lesser utility of emotional processing as a stressor persists. Because women on average had been diagnosed with cancer approximately 6 months prior to study entry high scores on coping through emotional processing in part may have reflected rumination or an inability to come to a satisfactory understanding of their feelings surrounding cancer. Additional analyses suggested that coping through emotional approach may serve as a successful vehicle for goal clarification and pursuit as revealed by significant mediated and moderated relations of emotionally expressive coping with dispositional hope Snyder et al. 1991 . For example through expressing her sense of loss of control engendered by a cancer diagnosis a woman may begin to distinguish what she can and cannot control in her experience of cancer and her life more generally to channel energy into attainable goals and to work toward active acceptance of more uncontrollable aspects of her experience. Experimental work also supports the validity