tailieunhanh - báo cáo khoa học: " Interspecific competition between Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila simulans: temperature effect on competitive ability and fitness components"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Interspecific competition between Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila simulans: temperature effect on competitive ability and fitness components | Génét. Sél. Evol. 1983 15 3 367-378 Interspecific competition between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans temperature effect on competitive ability and fitness components Catherine MONTCHAMP-MOREAU Laboratoire de Génétique des Populations Université Paris VII 2 place Jussieu F 75005 Paris Summary Previous studies of laboratory and natural populations suggest that Drosophila simulansis much more restricted in its tolerance to different temperatures than its sibling species Drosophila melanogasterWe have studied competition between these two species in population cages at 20 C the optimal temperature for D. simulans and at 25 C which seems to be more favourable to D. melanogaster. At 25 C D. melanogaster eliminated D. simulans but at 20 C the reverse occured. The temperature effect on each of the three fitness components fertility larval viability and developmental time measured in both species in the experimental conditions of the cages is in agreement with the observed outcome of interspecific competition. Key-words Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila simulans interspecific competition temperature. Resume Competition entre Drosophila melanogaster et Drosophila simulans Effet de la temperature sur leur compétitivité et sur diverses composantes de la valeur adaptative Les données accumulées à ce jour tant en laboratoire que dans la nature montrent que la zone de tolerance thermique de D. simulans est beaucoup plus étroite que Celle de son espèce jumelle D. melanogaster. Nous avons done decide d etudier la competition entre ces deux espèces dans des cages ậ population plạcées ậ des temperatures differentes d une part à 20 C qui est optimum thermique de D. simulans d autre part à 25 C tempệratụre qui apparaĩt plus favorable à D. melanogaster qu à D. simulans. A 25 C D. melanogaster élimina D. simulans mais à 20 C inverse se produisit. Trois composantes de la valeur adaptative fertilite viabilitệ larvaire temps de développement ont été mesurées sur les .