tailieunhanh - báo cáo khoa học: "Microspatial differentiation of Drosophila melanogaster populations in and around a wine cellar in southern Spain Angeles ALONSO-MORAGA"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Microspatial differentiation of Drosophila melanogaster populations in and around a wine cellar in southern Spain Angeles ALONSO-MORAGA | Génét. Sél. Evol. 1988 20 3 307-314 Microspatial differentiation of Drosophila melanogaster populations in and around a wine cellar in southern Spain Angeles ALONSO-MORAGA A. MUNOZ-SERRANO . SERRADILLA and . DAVID Universidad de Cordoba Departamento de Genetica Av. San Alberto Magno 14071 Cordoba Spain Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique Evolutives 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France Summary Allozyme polymorphism at the alcohol dehydrogenase a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and esterase-6 loci and the variation of the third longitudinal wing vein were studied in wine cellar populations in order to test the hypothesis of a genetic differentiation of local subpopulations as a response to environmental heterogeneity. Allelic frequencies at the Adh locus were clearly heterogenous over a short distance with many more F alleles among flies taken directly from the wine surface in the cellar. Elies trapped with a bait at the entrance of the cellar were intermediate in frequency suggesting a mixing of indoor and outdoor populations. For the two other loci no difference existed between samples taken in or out of the cellar although in most cases a significant deficit in heterozygotes was found. For wing length significant differences were found between samples but on the average heterozygotes hadgenerally a bigger size. This suggests some better fitness of heterozygous flies while the deficit of heterozygotes may be interpretated either as a Wahlund effect Adh locus or inbreeding for the two other loci. Selection for alcohol tolerance in the wine cellar differential migration between indoor and outdoor populations and a small size of subdivided populations are proposed to explain the observed results. Key words microdifferentiation Drosophila melanogaster allozyme polymorphism environmental heterogeneity. Résumé Differentiation microspatiale des populations de Drosophila melanogaster près dune cave à vin de I Espagne du Sud On a .