tailieunhanh - Báo cáo khoa học: "Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế về bệnh thú y đề tài: Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens | J. Vet. Set. 2007 8 3 249-254 JOURNAL OF Veterinary Science Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens M. H. I. Al-Zubaidy E K. Mohammad Department of Physiology Biochemistry and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Mosul p. o. Box 11136 Mosul Iraq The efficacy of metoclopramide for preventing organophosphate insecticide-induced diazinon toxicosis was evaluated in 7 14 days old chicks. Injection of metoclopramide at 25 mg kg . 15 min before diazinon increased the oral 24 h median lethal dose of the insecticide in the chicks by 80 . Metoclopramide alone inhibited the in vitro and in vivo plasma and whole brain cholinesterase activities of the chicks. Metoclopramide pretreatment at 100 mg kg . reduced the extent of cholinesterase inhibition that was caused by diazinon 10 mg kg . in the plasma and whole brain by 24 and 7 respectively. Diazinon at 10 mg kg . produced signs of cholinergic toxicosis in the chicks and these signs included salivation lacrimation gasping and convulsions within 2 h and the 2-h and 24-h lethalities were 88 and 100 respectively. Metoclopramide at the dose rates of 25 50 100 and 200 mg kg . given 15 min before diazinon 10 mg kg . variably decreased the occurrence of toxic manifestations in the chicks. The highest dose of metoclopramide 200 mg kg . reduced the 2-h and 24-h lethality of diazinon to 75 each and it reduced the overall toxicity score of diazinon by 32 . The data suggest that metoclopramide pretreatment only partially protected chicks against the acute toxicity of diazinon. Key words cholinesterase diazinon metoclopramide organophosphate poisoning Introduction Organophosphates are widely used as insecticides in public health veterinary practice and agriculture 8 15 28 . The single most important mechanism of the toxic action of these insecticides in man and animals is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase at the nerve terminals and this causes acetylcholine .