tailieunhanh - Cancer of the Brain and Other Central Nervous System

Certain jobs have a notorious reputation for causing cancer. Asbestos and lung cancer and mesothelioma, a cruel and invariably fatal cancer. Vinyl chloride exposure and liver cancer. Work in the rubber industry and bladder cancer. And nasal cancer and work with wood or leather dust. But many other jobs have a risk which is just as real, but which is less commonly known. The man who delivered the milk to an asbestos factory in Canada got cancer as a result. Nurses handling cancer drugs can be at risk. And workers in newer industries, like microelectronics, may have to wait until. | Chapter 25 Cancer of the Brain and Other Central Nervous System Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan Andrew E. Sloan and Ann G. Schwartz INTRODUCTION This study provides survival analysis for 19 774 histologically confirmed first primary brain and other central nervous system CNS cancers diagnosed from 1988 through 2001 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results SEER Program of the National Cancer Institute NCI . The analysis performed in this study attempts to better understand the influence of morphologic and demographic factors on survival. Other CNS cancers include cancers of the central nervous system and malignant meningiomas of the brain. Benign and borderline tumors are not included in these analyses. Brain and other CNS cancers are considered to be rare compared to prostate lung breast or colon cancer. It is estimated there will be 18 820 new cases diagnosed of and 12 820 deaths from brain and other CNS cancer in the United States each year 1 . The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for brain and other CNS cancer in the United States is per 100 000 for males and per 100 000 for females white males per 100 000 white females per 100 000 black males per 100 000 black females per 100 000 2 . The average annual age-adjusted mortality rate is approximately per 100 000 for all races combined with males having a higher mortality rate as compared to females 2 . Histologic type of tumor age at diagnosis race and treatment are all important predictors of survival with a large variation in survival by histologic type of tumor 3 4 5 6 . The most common histologic subtypes of brain cancer are astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme GBM while the most common histologic subtypes of other CNS cancer are meningioma and ependymoma 3 4 7 8 9 . Patients with GBM have the worst survival compared to any other histologic subtype 8 . No risk factor accounting for a large number of brain and other CNS cancers has been identified. There has been some .