tailieunhanh - Nuclear Power Control, Reliability and Human Factors Part 3

Tham khảo tài liệu 'nuclear power control, reliability and human factors part 3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 3 Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control . Hashemian Analysis and Measurement Services Corp. United States 1. Introduction Installed throughout a nuclear power plant instrumentation and control I C is an essential element in the normal abnormal and emergency operation of nuclear power plants International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA . . Through their equipment modules sensors and transmitters I C systems measure thousands of variables and processes the data to activate pumps valves motors and other electromechanical equipment that control the plant. The I C system senses basic physical parameters monitors performance integrates information and makes automatic adjustments to plant operations to keep process variables within the plant design limits. By reacting appropriately to failures and abnormal events I C ensures the plant s safety and efficient production of power . Nuclear Regulatory Commission . NRC 2011 . All of these roles can be reduced to three basic functions IAEA 1999 . First as the plant s nervous system I C provides plant operators with accurate and relevant information so they can make the appropriate actions during normal as well as abnormal operation. Second I C provides plant operators with the capacity to exercise automatic control over the plant and its associated systems so they can take whatever actions are needed to maintain efficient and safe operation. Finally I C serves the critical function of protecting the plant from faults in the system or errors made by the operator as well as abnormal or extreme external events that threaten the plant s operation. More specifically I C should enable the plant to operate safely for an extended period without operator intervention following an accident IAEA 1999 . Nuclear plant I C systems must be accurate to properly sense and communicate the process variables and reasonably fast to provide timely display adjustment and protection against upsets in both the main plant and its .