tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "Nuclear transcription factors in mammalian mitochondria"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Nuclear transcription factors in mammalian mitochondria. | Leigh-Brown et al. Genome Biology 2010 11 215 http 2010 11 7 215 w Genome Biology REVIEW L_ Nuclear transcription factors in mammalian mitochondria Sarah Leigh-Brown1 2 José Antonio Enriquez3 4 and Duncan T Odom1 2 Abstract Nuclear transcription factors have been detected in mammalian mitochondria and may directly regulate mitochondrial gene expression. Emerging genomics techniques may overcome outstanding challenges in this field. Mammalian cells store genetic information in two cellular compartments the nucleus and the mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA is packaged handled and inherited independently of the nuclear genome and far less is known about the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression compared with that of nuclear genes. As the singular site of the generation of adenosine triphosphate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation in the eukaryotic cell the regulation of mitochondrial functions are complex and must be tightly regulated to respond to cellular metabolic requirements 1 2 . The majority of proteins present in mitochondria are encoded and transcribed in the nucleus 3 but the mitochondrial genome encodes a handful of proteins crucial for the generation of ATP Figure 1 . These proteins are transcribed and translated in the mitochondrial matrix and do not enter the cytoplasm 4 5 . Because both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes contribute to the mitochondrial proteome their regulatory coordination is critical to cell survival and energy homeostasis 6 . This coordination is complicated by the distinct packaging and environment of the two genomes Box 1 . Regulation of mitochondrial gene expression is poorly characterized relative to that of the nucleus. Nuclear-encoded transcriptional regulatory proteins called transcription factors can potentially influence mitochondrial gene expression in two quite different ways - indirectly or Correspondence Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute Li Ka Shing