tailieunhanh - Bioluminescence Recent Advances in Oceanic Measurements and Laboratory Applications Part 12

Tham khảo tài liệu 'bioluminescence recent advances in oceanic measurements and laboratory applications part 12', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 156 Bioluminescence - Recent Advances in Oceanic Measurements and Laboratory Applications the DEVD sites were cleaved luciferase was able to fold appropriately and upon exposure to luciferin BL photons were produced. Therefore apoptosis was successfully imaged non-invasively using BLI Laxman Hall et al. 2002 . Using another methodology Niers et al engineered the naturally secreted G-Luc so that it is separated by the DEVD sequence. They showed that this fusion protein was retained in the cytoplasm of transfected cells in an inactive form. Upon induction of apoptosis the DEVD peptide was cleaved in response to caspase-3 activation freeing G-Luc which then entered the secretory pathway where it was folded properly and released from the cells. The G-Luc can be detected in the conditioned medium in culture or in blood from live animals Niers Kerami et al. 2011 . Scabini et al 2011 use a similar approach however in this case a formulated Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin is delivered intraperiotneal to mice carrying human colon cancer or human glioblastoma cell lines engineered to express luciferase. Upon induction of apoptosis Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin is cleaved by caspase 3 7 releasing aminoluciferin that is now free to react with luciferase to generate measurable BL. This group was able to show that after camptothecin and temozolomide treatment of xenograft mouse models of colon cancer and glioblastoma respectively the treated mice showed higher induction of Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin luminescent signal when compared to the untreated group. Combining D-luciferin that measures the total tumor burden with Z-DEVD-aminoluciferin that assesses apoptosis induction via caspase activation they were able to relate inhibition of tumor growth with induction of apoptosis after treatment in the same animal over time Scabini Stellari et al. 2011 . Hickson et al use the same methodology in a luciferase positive ovarian cancer and breast cancer model. In these experiments tumor cells were inoculated .