tailieunhanh - Nuclear Power Control, Reliability and Human Factors Part 13

Tham khảo tài liệu 'nuclear power control, reliability and human factors part 13', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Human Aspects of NPP Operator Teamwork 349 environment includes high heat poor lightening protective clothing noise and vibration. The control room operators concentrated activity may be disturbed by a high number of activated alarms. b The social environment includes cooperation with each other managing conflicts between operators communication increased demands of coordination with the personnel and the requirement of keeping each other informed of event progress. The next three environmental stressors are considered as internal determinant of physiological state such as c drug use such as caffeine nicotine depressants alcohol. Under certain conditions some of these can facilitate task performance while others may impede it. d Fatigue states caused by prolonged work sleep deprivation or disruption and e cyclical changes-regular periodic changes in hormonal levels alertness body temperature due to sudden changes in work shift. In general in a NPP environment control room personnel and support staff are well protected from the environmental changes mentioned above because the back-up system is well functioning and highly reliable. Factors related to the characteristics of the task An occurrence of novel and uncertain event such as loss of critical information failed implementation of a plan is a serious phenomenon that should be considered. Novelty refers to events that have not been experienced before and are perceived as a potential risk. Uncertainty generally refers to an inability to know how an event will progress or be resolved or the lack of exact information how to act properly. The role of technology as a source of stress such as unfriendly interfaces can increase information uncertainty. Novelty can be tied to uncertainty when a situation is novel as there is no expectation about the outcomes. Both novelty and uncertainty are significant sources of task load for control room operators. To reduce the effects of these types of task load more information .