tailieunhanh - Nuclear Power Control, Reliability and Human Factors Part 11

Tham khảo tài liệu 'nuclear power control, reliability and human factors part 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 16 Aging Evaluation for the Extension of Qualified Life of Nuclear Power Plant Equipment Pedro Luiz da Cruz Saldanha1 2 and Paulo Fernando F. Frutuoso e Melo3 1Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear CNEN - CGRC 2Associaẹão Brasileira de Ensino Universitário- UNIABEU 3COPPE UFRJ - Programa de Engenharia Nuclear Brazil 1. Introduction In recent decades the aging of nuclear power plants the upgrading of safety systems and the concern for life extension of licensed plants close to completing 40 years of operation have been considered by regulatory agencies. The extension of operating licenses for power reactors over 40 years has been a viable option for operators of nuclear power plants to ensure the adequacy of future capacity of power generation in terms of economic benefits compared with the construction of new power reactors. Routine reviews of nuclear power plant operation including modifications to hardware and procedures significant events operating experience plant management and personnel competence and special reviews following major events of safety significance are the primary means of safety verifications. Rereviews include an assessment of plant design and operation against current safety standards and practices and they aim at ensuring a high level of safety throughout the plant s operating lifetime. They are complementary to the routine and special safety reviews and do not replace them IAEA 2009 . In 1991 the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC issued rules and associated documentation describing how the licensee must demonstrate that the unit can continue operating for 20 years following the expiration of the 40-year license. These rules were established in 10CFR51 NRC 2007a environmental protection requirements and 10CFR54 NRC 2010a technical requirements. In 1994 the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA issued recommendations guidance and associated documentation describing how the licensee must demonstrate that the unit can continue operating .