tailieunhanh - Fungicides for Plant and Animal Diseases Part 14

Tham khảo tài liệu 'fungicides for plant and animal diseases part 14', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Efficacy and Utilization of Fungicides and Other Antibiotics for Aseptic Plant Cultures 251 stronger disinfectants or fungicides have been used to remove culture contaminants especially those which are hard to decontaminate. For instance mercuric chloride HgCl2 has been effective in decontaminating pre-conditioned mature U. kirkiana stock plants Mng omba et al. 2007 where sodium hypochlorite NaOCl and Calcium hypochlorite Ca OCl2 2 have not been effective in decontaminating the above stock plants. There have been no aseptic cultures obtained regardless of the type and concentration of such disinfectants used on U. kirkiana stock plants. These fungi were suspected to be endogenous. Efficacy of fungicides Efficacy of fungicides depends on many factors including their active ingredient . concentration dosage the type of stock plants mature vs. new shoots type of fungi exogenous vs. endogenous and the exposure time. Generally rigorous decontamination is required for stock plants derived from mature ortet especially when weaker disinfectants are used. This will also require longer exposure time. Generally the use of concentrated stronger fungicides or disinfectants to eliminate contaminants from the stock plants requires a shorter exposure time. Mercuric chloride as a culture disinfectant is stronger than sodium or calcium hypochlorite solutions for disinfecting stock plants and this could be the reason for its efficacy in decontaminating endogenous fungal contaminants. Danso et al. 2011 reported successful in vitro decontamination of sugarcane explants with mercuric chloride where NaOCl and Ca OCl2 2 were less effective. Therefore HgCl2 is ideal for the control of endophytic fungal culture contaminants. 6. Effects of fungicides on plant cultures Cell integrity The use of stronger disinfectants and fungicides could weaken cell membrane and cell wall of the plants. This can lead to the discharge of cell sap nutrients which stimulates an outgrowth of endogenous

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