tailieunhanh - Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: from vacuum cleaner to Swiss army knife

Published: 30 March 2004 Genome Biology 2004, 5:218 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at reports © 2004 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract deposited research Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) downmodulates mRNAs that have in-frame premature termination codons and prevents | Minireview Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay from vacuum cleaner to Swiss army knife Gabriele Neu-Yilik Niels H Gehring Matthias W Hentze and Andreas E Kulozik 4 Adresses Department of Pediatric Oncology Hematology and Immunology University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 150 69120 Heidelberg Germany. fMolecular Medicine Partnership Unit EMBL University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 156 69120 Heidelberg Germany. EMBL Heidelberg Gene Expression Programme Meyerhofstrasse 1 69117 Heidelberg Germany. Correspondence Gabriele Neu-Yilik. E-mail Published 30 March 2004 Genome Biology 2004 5 218 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2004 5 4 218 2004 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay NMD downmodulates mRNAs that have in-frame premature termination codons and prevents translation of potentially harmful truncated proteins from aberrant mRNAs. Two new approaches have identified physiological NMD substrates and suggest that NMD functions as a multipurpose tool in the modulation of gene expression. Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay NMD is a specific pathway for the degradation of mRNAs that have premature termination codons PTCs in their open reading frames ORFs . Its importance is highlighted by its conservation in all eukaryotes. NMD counteracts the potentially harmful impact of mRNAs that have PTCs as a result of errors at various levels of gene expression such as nonsense and frameshift mutations transcriptional errors and faulty splicing. Thus NMD serves as a cellular vacuum cleaner that protects the cell from the potentially harmful effects of truncated proteins by eliminating mRNAs with PTCs in a sequence of events that is not yet fully understood. In recent years numerous biochemical and cell-biological investigations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 Drosophila melanogaster 2 Caenorhabditis elegans 3 and human 4 5 cells have helped to elucidate some

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