tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " The yin and yang of chromatin spatial organization"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The yin and yang of chromatin spatial organization. | Cope et al. Genome Biology 2010 11 204 http 2010 11 3 204 w Genome Biology REVIEW L_ The yin and yang of chromatin spatial organization Nathan F Cope Peter Fraser and Christopher H Eskiw Abstract Spatial organization of the genome is non-random. Preferential chromatin interactions both in cis and in trans and between transcriptionally active and silent regions influence organization. Long-range chromatin interactions can occur over many megabases either between regions of the same chromosome cis or between different chromosomes trans . Many chromatin clustering events involve preferential interactions between genomic loci and are cell type specific indicating a functional role of genome organization in regulating gene expression. Many mechanisms are involved in establishing global organization including transcription by specific sets of transcription factors or gene repression among similar epigenetically marked domains. Here we discuss several examples of specific spatial organization patterns from transcriptionally active and silent chromatin and the potential mechanisms involved in their establishment. Long-range chromatin interactions influence function A growing number of specific long-range chromatin interactions have been identified indicating that the three-dimensional organization of chromatin within the nucleus is not random. These interactions have been found using tools such as RNA and DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization FISH and the chromatin proximityligation assay chromosome conformation capture 3C and its derivatives 1 . In 3C genomic regions in spatial proximity are cross-linked and digested with a restriction enzyme while in the nucleus. After nuclear lysis the cross-linked chromatin complexes are diluted and ligated such that ends of restriction fragments in the same crosslinked complex form novel ligation junctions that can be detected by various methods. Numerous studies using Correspondence .