tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: " Tracing the evolution of tissue identity with microRNAs"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Tracing the evolution of tissue identity with microRNAs. | De Mulder and Berezikov Genome Biology 2010 11 111 http 2010 11 3 111 w Genome Biology RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT L__ Tracing the evolution of tissue identity with mieroRNAs Katrien De Mulder and Eugene Berezikov Abstract Comparison of microRNA expression identified tissues present in the last common ancestor of Bilaterians and put evolution of microRNAs in the context of tissue evolution. Animal evolution has fascinated biologists for centuries and despite tremendous progress in our understanding of the evolutionary process it still keeps many of its mysteries secret. Initially morphological and developmental studies were performed to reconstruct the road that animal evolution has followed. With the coming of age of molecular biology comparative single- and multiplegene analyses contributed to the further unraveling of evolutionary relationships within the animal kingdom. Although these studies resulted in the separation of the main phyla and taxa the occurrence of convergent evolution secondary loss of characters poor knowledge of several animal groups at key positions and the presence of slow- and fast-evolving genomes complicated the reconstruction of the exact evolutionary paths. Over the past decade it has become clear that the appearance of more complex organisms during animal evolution was driven by an increase in the complexity of gene regulatory mechanisms 1 at both a transcriptional and a post-transcriptional level 2 . Intriguingly mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene regulation by noncoding RNAs were already present early on in the evolution of the Metazoa 3 . In particular microRNAs miRNAs have been suggested to have a major role in evolutionary changes of body structure as the number of miRNA genes correlates strikingly with the morphological complexity of organisms 4-6 . miRNAs are small 21 to 23 nucleotide non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to specific target mRNAs leading Correspondence .