tailieunhanh - THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE phần 9

đắn của sự tiếp tục tồn tại của họ trong việc thụ hưởng đầy đủ các giàu có của họ và tập thể dục không giới hạn của quyền lực của họ. Bây giờ họ run sợ trước khi xúc phạm mỗi gọi họ ủng hộ Đức, tài chính quốc tế, hoặc trục lợi, và họ sẽ cung cấp cho bạn bất kỳ khoản tiền chuộc bạn | THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE 105 the propriety of their continued existence in the full enjoyment of their riches and the unlimited exercise of their power. Now they tremble before every insult -- call them pro-Germans international financiers or profiteers and they will give you any ransom you choose to ask not to speak of them so harshly. They allow themselves to be ruined and altogether undone by their own instruments governments of their own making and a Press of which they are the proprietors. Perhaps it is historically true that no order of society ever perishes save by its own hand. In the complexer world of Western Europe the Immanent Will may achieve its ends more subtly and bring in the revolution no less inevitably through a Klotz or a George than by the intellectualisms too ruthless and self-conscious for us of the bloodthirsty philosophers of Russia. The inflationism of the currency systems of Europe has proceeded to extraordinary lengths. The various belligerent governments unable or too timid or too short-sighted to secure from loans or taxes the resources they required have printed notes for the balance. In Russia and Austria-Hungary this process has reached a point where for the purposes of foreign trade the currency is practically valueless. The Polish mark can be bought for about 1 1 2d and the Austrian crown for less than 1d but they cannot be sold at all. The German mark is worth less than 2d on the exchanges. In most of the other countries of Eastern and south-eastern Europe the real position is nearly as bad. The currency of Italy has fallen to little more than a half of its nominal value in spite of its being still subject to some degree of regulation French currency maintains an uncertain market and even sterling is seriously diminished in present value and impaired in its future prospects. But while these currencies enjoy a precarious value abroad they have never entirely lost not even in Russia their purchasing power at home. A