tailieunhanh - THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE phần 6

Tôi cảm thấy tự tin nhiều hơn nữa trong các độ chính xác gần đúng của con số tổng thể (32 *) hơn trong phân chia giữa các bên tranh chấp khác nhau. Người đọc sẽ nhận thấy rằng trong bất kỳ trường hợp nào, việc bổ sung lương hưu và phụ cấp vô cùng tăng yêu cầu bồi thường tổng hợp, nâng cao nó thực sự gần gấp đôi. | THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE PEACE 66 I feel much more confidence in the approximate accuracy of the total figure 32 than in its division between the different claimants. The reader will observe that in any case the addition of pensions and allowances enormously increases the aggregate claim raising it indeed by nearly double. Adding this figure to the estimate under other heads we have a total claim against Germany of 8 000 million. 33 I believe that this figure is fully high enough and that the actual result may fall somewhat short of it. 34 In the next section of this chapter the relation of this figure to Germany s capacity to pay will be examined. It is only necessary here to remind the reader of certain other particulars of the treaty which speak for themselves 1 Out of the total amount of the claim whatever it eventually turns out to be a sum of 1 000 million must be paid before 1 May 1921. The possibility of this will be discussed below. But the treaty itself provides certain abatements. In the first place this sum is to include the expenses of the armies of occupation since the armistice a large charge of the order of magnitude of 200 million which under another article of the treaty -- no. 249 -- is laid upon Germany . 35 But further such supplies of food and raw materials as may be judged by the governments of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers to be essential to enable Germany to meet her obligations for reparation may also with the approval of the said governments be paid for out of the above sum. 36 This is a qualification of high importance. The clause as it is drafted allows the finance ministers of the Allied countries to hold out to their electorates the hope of substantial payments at an early date while at the same time it gives to the reparation commission a discretion which the force of facts will compel them to exercise to give back to Germany what is required for the maintenance of her economic existence. This discretionary power