tailieunhanh - Skills Development in Sub-Saharan Africa phần 6

ở châu Phi cận Sahara. Tân và Batra cung cấp một trong những nghiên cứu thực nghiệm đào tạo ở các nước đang phát triển. Nghiên cứu của họ được bảo hiểm cao nhận thức về các vấn đề liên quan đến đào tạo học nghề (ví dụ, tổ chức và điều kiện đào tạo học nghề và thiếu khởi động vốn). | Recognizing Formal Sector Enterprises as Trainers 111 as capital and labor than had counterparts in other regions of the world Biggs Shah and Srivastava 1995a pp. 2 61 . Importance of Enterprise-Based Training Governments and businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa have invested significant resources in improving the skills of their work force through training in the enterprise. Chapter 1 described several explanations. First training workers improves the productivity of enterprises and promotes economic growth and poverty reduction. Second training in the enterprise is seen to be market responsive and it allows for continuous learning and adaptation to new technologies. The high unemployment rate observed among graduates of formal general education institutions is attributed to the poor linkage between the supply of skills and market demand. Third on-the-job training in the enterprise is viewed as a means to expand access to skills training with the advantage that it can be delivered in less time. Such training can be a vehicle for achieving social goals and equalizing opportunities. Finally because firms may be able to extract benefits from general skills training when labor markets are imperfect firms will invest in both general and firm-specific skills Acemoglu and Pischke 1999 . Pattern and Determinants of Enterprise-Based Training Four factors are expected to account for variation across companies and sectors in the amount and types of training 1. Company size is positively correlated with amounts of training given to workers smaller companies train a smaller proportion of the work force than larger employers . 2. Employers are more likely to train workers in skilled occupations where the capital per worker is high along with the cost of mistakes. 3. The amount and quality of the workers prior education encourage training by increasing the ability of the worker to acquire new skills. 4. The amount a company invests in new technologies correlates directly with .