tailieunhanh - SLUDGE DEWATERING

Data were extracted into separate databases for studies reporting on crops and livestock products (including meat, milk and eggs). Extracted data included all relevant information on study characteristics, methods and results. Data on factors outlined in the conceptual framework on nutrient variability (Figure 1) were also extracted when available. For the first 10 included articles, data extraction was performed in duplicate by two independent reviewers. Extracted data were compared and any inconsistencies noted and corrected as necessary. For the remaining articles, one reviewer entered the data and another checked all entries; any differences were discussed. | 2 Today the treatment of water is a well-known process and is executed by state of the art techniques. The sludge resulting from this process represents the next challenge for the water treatment industry in particular the minimizing of its volume. This Sludge Dewatering handbook will present the key parameters to take into account in order to optimize sludge treatment with SNF Floerger s organic polymers. Index index rw Sludge characterisation .4 . Origin of the sludge .4 . The different types of sludge .4 . Primary sludge .4 . Biological sludge .4 . Mixed sludge .5 . Digested sludge .5 . Physico-chemical sludge .6 Mineral sludge .6 . Parameters that influence the dewatering abilities of sludge .6 . Concentration g l .6 . The organic matter content .6 . The colloidal nature of the sludge .6 Dewatering aids .7 . Mineral chemicals .7 . Iron salts .7 . Lime .7 . Organic chemicals .8 . Flocculation mechanism .8 . Destabilized particles .8 . Parameters of the organic chemicals that will influence dewatering .9 . The type of charge or - .9 . The charge density .9 . The molecular weight MW .10 . The molecular structure .10 . The type of monomer .10 Dynamic thickening .11 . Flotation . 11 . Indirect flotation . 12 . Direct flotation . 11 . Sludge conditioning before flotation . 12 . Thickening table . 12 . Operating principle .13 . Sludge conditioning before thickening table .13 . Thickening drum screw drum . 14 . Operating principle . 14 . Sludge conditioning before thickening drum . 14 . Centrifuge .15 . Operating principle . 15 . Sludge conditioning before centrifuge . 15 3 Belt filter dewatering .16 . Equipment description and operating principle .16 . Lab tests .17 . Sampling .17 . Laboratory equipment .17 . Test procedures .18 . Parameters to check and analysis of the results .