tailieunhanh - Báo cáo sinh học: " Development and characterization of positively selected brain-adapted SIV"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Development and characterization of positively selected brain-adapted SIV | Virology Journal BioMed Central Research Development and characterization of positively selected brain-adapted SIV Peter J Gaskill Debbie D Watry Tricia H Burdo and Howard S Fox Open Access Address Department of Neuropharmacology The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA Email Peter J Gaskill - walkin@ Debbie D Watry - watry@ Tricia H Burdo - tburdo@ Howard S Fox - hsfox@ Corresponding author Published 12 May 2005 Virology Journal 2005 2 44 doi 1743-422X-2-44 Received 10 March 2005 Accepted 12 May 2005 This article is available from http content 2 1 44 2005 Gaskill et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract HIV is found in the brains of most infected individuals but only 30 develop neurological disease. Both viral and host factors are thought to contribute to the motor and cognitive disorders resulting from HIV infection. Here using the SIV rhesus monkey system we characterize the salient characteristics of the virus from the brain of animals with neuropathological disorders. Nine unique molecular clones of SIV were derived from virus released by microglia cultured from the brains of two macaques with SIV encephalitis. Sequence analysis revealed a remarkably high level of similarity between their env and nef genes as well as their 3 LTR. As this genotype was found in the brains of two separate animals and it encoded a set of distinct amino acid changes from the infecting virus it demonstrates the convergent evolution of the virus to a unique brain-adapted genotype. This genotype was distinct from other macrophage-tropic and neurovirulent strains of SIV. Functional characterization of virus derived