tailieunhanh - The Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders vol 1 - part 7

Vì vậy, các thuốc chủ vận dopamine và dopamine được quản lý để điều trị sốc và suy tim sung huyết và cải thiện chức năng vận động ở những bệnh nhân bị bệnh Parkinson và các rối loạn vận động khác. | tremors muscular rigidity low blood pressure and low cardiac input. Therefore dopamine and dopaminergic agonist drugs are administered to treat shock and congestive heart failure and to improve motor functions in patients with Parkinson s disease and other movement disorders. The balance between two neurotransmitter levels acetylcholine and dopamine is essential for motor and fine movement coordination. The balance is frequently found altered in movement disorders due to a dopamine deficiency that results in excessive stimulation of skeletal muscles. In Parkinson s disease either dopamine levels or the number of dopamine receptors are progressively decreased resulting in tremors slowness of movements muscle rigidity and poor posture and gait manner of walking . Symptoms of Parkinson s disease are treated with anticholinergic drugs and or dopamine receptor agonists. Dopaminergic agonist drugs such as levodopa L-dopa along with carbidopa bromocriptine mesylate cabergoline pergolide mesylate pramipexole and ropini-role hydrochloride are prescribed to treat the symptoms of Parkinson s disease either alone or in combinations. Description L-dopa levodopa is a precursor of dopamine . is converted into dopamine by the body. Levodopa thus increases dopamine levels in the motor areas of the central nervous system CNS especially in the initial stages of the disease. However as the disease progresses the drug loses its efficacy effectiveness . When administered with carbidopa levodopa s effects are enhanced because car-bidopa increases L-dopa transport to the brain and decreases its gastrointestinal metabolism. Therefore two beneficial effects are achieved better results with lower doses of levodopa 4-5 times lower doses than in L-dopa therapy alone and reduction or prevention of levodopa side effects such as nausea anorexia vomiting rapid heart rate low blood pressure mood changes anxiety and depression. Bromocriptine mesylate is a derivative of ergotamine that inhibits .