tailieunhanh - SAFE USE OF CHEMICALS: A Practical Guide - Chapter 3

Chất độc là chi nhánh của khoa học có liên quan với sự hiểu biết tổng các khả năng nội tại của một chất hóa học sinh học hệ thống là, thực vật, động vật và con người. Chất độc là một khoa học đa ngành và liên quan chặt chẽ với các ngành khác của khoa học. Các chất hóa học cần thiết cho sức khỏe, tiến bộ, và phát triển xã hội. Trong mối liên kết rất chặt chẽ với một loạt các chất hóa học và phát triển xã hội, sức khỏe con người không thể bỏ. | 3 Elements of Toxicology and Chemical Safety INTRODUCTION Toxicology is the branch of science concerned with understanding the gross and intrinsic capabilities of a chemical substance on biological systems that is on plants animals and humans. Toxicology is a multidisciplinary science and closely interrelated with many other branches of science. Chemical substances are required for health progress and societal development. In the very close linkage with an array of chemical substances and societal development human health cannot be ignored. Therefore thinkers of the past and present around the world framed regulations about the manners and methods of use of chemical substances. There are no safe chemical substances and all are toxic in one way or the other. No chemical substance is absolutely safe. In fact the safety of a chemical substance depends upon the concentration and manner of exposure and use. This is important and should be very well understood and remembered by all students industrial workers and household users who handle store transport and dispose of different chemical substances. Improper and negligent use and management of chemical substances cause injury death and disaster. The present chapter focuses on and briefly discusses the elements of toxicology vis-à-vis effects of chemical substances and their use. Chemical substances as and when they are marketed for human use in the form of drugs food additives cosmetics and many others items require safety data and detailed quality evaluations. To generate quality data about the candidate chemical substance different countries and international regulatory agencies have framed elaborate procedures. By understanding the basics of toxicology and correctly adhering to regulations and observing precautions the benefits of chemicals would enrich human society and free it from hunger and disease. TOXICOLOGY STUDIES Toxicological studies are essential to understanding the possible adverse effects that a