tailieunhanh - Breast Cancer

Different types of cancer can behave very differently. For example, lung cancer and breast cancer are very different diseases. They grow at different rates and respond to different treatments. That is why people with cancer need treatment that is aimed at their own kind of cancer. Not all tumors are cancerous. Tumors that aren't cancer are called benign (be-nine). Benign tumors can cause problems-- they can grow very large and press on healthy organs and tissues. But they cannot grow into other tissues. Because of this, they also can't spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). These tumors. | Chapter 9 Breast Cancer Cancer in 15- to 29-Year-Olds in the United States Non-Gonadal Germ Cell Tumors Bone Tumors 2 3 Hodgkin Lymphoma 12 Other 2 Leukemia 6 Breast Cancer 5 Other Carcinomas 6 Melanoma 11 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 7 Central Nervous System Cancers 6 Soft-Tissue Sarcomas 8 Female Genital 10 Thyroid Carcinoma 10 Male Genital Tract Testis Cancer 11 Krystal Bottom MD Maura O Leary MD Jan Sheaffer BA Marianne Phillips MBCHB MD Xiao-Ou Shu PhD Banu Arun MD CHAPTER 9 BREAST CANCER HIGHLIGHTS Incidence Breast cancer in adolescents and young adults is rare. From 1975 to 2000 less than of all breast cancer occurred in young women under 30 years of age. There was an increase in the average incidence of breast cancer per million females per year across the adolescent and young adult age groups during the period 1975 to 2000 incidence was in 15- to 19-year-olds in 20- to 24-year-olds rising to in 25- to 29-year-olds. Breast cancer incidence for African American black adolescents and young adults was more than twice that of white non-Hispanic women of similar age. This incidence trend reversed between the ages of 45 and 50 years African American black women 45 years and older had a lower incidence than white women. American Indian Alsaka Native women had the lowest incidence of breast cancer regardless of age. Mortality Survival Death rates for breast cancer rose steadily with increasing age. Mortality was much higher for African Americans blacks and to a lesser extent those of Hispanic ethnicity at all ages than for white non-Hispanic young women. Survival rates have improved over time. White non-Hispanic patients experienced greater improvements in survival rates than Hispanic and African American black patients. Survival is lower for women 15 to 29 years of age than for older women regardless of histologic subtype and stage. Socioeconomic factors including access to care and health insurance coverage affect mortality. Risk Factors The primary .