tailieunhanh - Audits of Quality Assurance Systems of Finnish Higher Education Institutions

The gross cost increase of approximately $ billion is primarily driven by: (i) the scope evolution of the WTC Transportation Hub (“Hub”) in response to the mandate to open the National September 11 Memorial and Museum (the “Memorial”) by September 11, 2011, (ii) anticipated allowances to commercialize One World Trade Center (“1 WTC”) and the retail spaces, (iii) projects performed by the Port Authority on behalf of third‐ parties at the site (., related to the Memorial, existing subway operations, the campus security plan, and the Performing Arts Center), as well as, (iv) increases in financing and insurance expenses. . | Audits of Quality Assurance Systems of Finnish Higher Education Institutions Audit Manual for 2008-2011 10 2007 FINNISH HIGHER EDUCATION EVALUATION COUNCIL ISBN 978-952-206-074-7 paperbound ISBN 978-952-206-075-4 pdf ISSN 1457-3121 Publisher Finnish Higher Education Evaluation Council Cover Juha Ilonen Layout Pikseri Julkaisupalvelut Tammer-Paino Oy Tampere 2008 Preface The Finnish Higher Education Evaluation Council FINHEEC is now publishing a revised edition of the Audit Manual first released in 2005. The new manual follows the general principles and procedures of the earlier version but includes certain technical precisions and corrections based on the feedback obtained from the higher education institutions HEIs and auditors as well as on the experience accumulated by FINHEEC in its own work. The practical principles of re-audits are also included in the present manual. FINHEEC thus implements the audits of the quality assurance QA systems of the HEIs in line with the Bologna process. The Finnish HEI system is fairly mature by European standards and therefore auditing is a suitable procedure for the evaluation of QA in Finland. During the past two decades the European higher education system has undergone great changes and several countries have been faced with serious quality problems and have found it necessary to adopt accreditation procedures in particular. In accreditation the minimum quality criteria are set by a party outside the HEI and the purpose of the evaluation is to provide a yes or no answer as to whether the minimum quality criteria are met or not. In the Finnish audit model the HEI can decide on its own QA system and FINHEEC evaluates its performance. Another benefit of auditing is that it contributes to the enhancement-led evaluation principle adopted by FIN-HEEC also recognised by the HEIs as a procedure that supports their own work and autonomy. The HEIs remain responsible for the quality of their own operations. This audit model was .

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