tailieunhanh - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 71

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 71. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 670 FRIEDRICH UNGERER a glitterati chatterati b glitterati botherati c glitterati luncherati Figure . -erati blends The development from low-level to high-level schemas excerpt from the schematic network for -erati blends in Kemmer 2003 90 figure 3 by swooshtika. The semantic side of the lexical blend can be captured by a three-space representation based on Fauconnier and Turner s notion of conceptual blending see section . above . Kemmer s example for this semantic or conceptual description is the blend glitterati glitter literati an example which also enables her to show how low-level schemas can spark off higher-level schemas as shown in figure Figure illustrates a relatively low-level schema whose phonological pole is applicable to the blends glitterati chatterati and a few others. Apart from the four-syllable structure of the second source lexeme literati this schema is characterized by an overlap of an initial consonant cluster a vowel and the phoneme t . In figure the t is replaced by the more general consonant element which admits blends like botherati and luncherati and thus raises the schema to a somewhat higher level while still maintaining the syllabic structure of schema a . Finally in figure phonological overlap is no longer required but still possible and the syllable structure though prototypically still consisting of four syllables may be extended to more syllables as in Britpoperati. Within Kemmer s classification of blends this marks a switch from overlap to substitution blends and this is possible because in schema a the phonological string -erati already supports the fairly tangible meaning of elite group as indicated in the top section of the schema boxes . When the phonological overlap in the first element is dropped as in schema c the second element may therefore assume the status of a derivational morpheme traditionally called semi-suffix which can freely be combined with suitable lexical morphemes. .