tailieunhanh - Vital Signs and Resuscitation - part 10

Mặc dù nhiệt độ và nhiệt kế được đánh giá và xem xét kỹ lưỡng theo thời gian, một phát hiện thú vị là thông tin được ghi nhận bởi Wunderlich năm 1871 là khá gần với dữ liệu ngày nay sử dụng các công cụ hiện đại. | Chapter 9 9 Future and Controversies Body Temperature and Thermometers Although temperatures and thermometers are evaluated and scrutinized from time to time an interesting finding is that the information recorded by Wunderlich in 1871 is quite close to today s data using modern instruments. A recent study by a critic of Wunderlich s work concluded by validating most of what he did. However the author did find that the mean normal temperature today is F C instead of F 37 C . A unique facet of Wunderlich s work was that it was done with a large primitive thermometer held in the axilla which with the exception of the neonate gives the more imprecise of body temperatures today. The reason for Wunderlich s accuracy is the scrupulous manner in which temperatures were recorded see Chapter 1 . An important concept offered by Wunderlich gradually re-emerging is that the range of normal temperatures is quite broad and borderline temperatures indicating fever are probably irrelevant. Based upon what is known about the hypothalamus and the immune system today a transient rise in temperature is becoming increasingly apparent as a normal variant. Which type of thermometer and which location on the body more accurately evaluates a core temperature Many variables affect the reliability of an oral reading and if not done correctly may be in error by several degrees. The rectal thermometer measures the temperature in colic vessels and surrounding tissue distant from the hypothalamus. It thus measures an event that has already taken place accounting for the erratic reliability of readings. The tympanic thermometer measures temperature from the tympanic cavity adjacent to the hypothalamus and reflects a core temperature temperatures measured by an indwelling catheter in the pulmonary artery show a strong correlation with the portable tympanic thermometer . However the tympanic thermometer is user-dependent. As mentioned in Chapter 2 without a tight seal in the auditory

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