tailieunhanh - OCEANOGRAPHY and MARINE BIOLOGYAN ANNUAL REVIEW Volume 46

The 46th volume of this series contains eight reviews written by an international array of authors that, as usual, range widely in subject and taxonomic and geographic coverage. The editors welcome suggestions from potential authors for topics they consider could form the basis of appropriate future contributions. Because an annual publication schedule necessarily places constraints on the timetable for submission, evaluation and acceptance of manuscripts, potential contributors are advised to make contact with the editors at an early stage of preparation. Contact details are listed on the title page of this volume | OCEANOGRAPHY and MARINE BIOLOGY AN ANNUAL REVIEW Volume 46 Editors . Gibson Scottish Association for Marine Science The Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Oban Argyll Scotland . Atkinson University Marine Biological Station Millport University of London Isle of Cumbrae Scotland . Gordon Scottish Association for Marine Science The Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Oban Argyll Scotland Founded by Harold Barnes LoC CRC Press y Taylor . Francis Group Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor Francis Group an informa business 2008 by . Gibson . Atkinson and . Gordon International Standard Serial Number 0078-3218 CRC Press Taylor Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW Suite 300 Boca Raton FL 33487-2742 2008 by . Gibson . Atkinson and . Gordon CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor Francis Group an Informa business No claim to original . Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-13 978-1-4200-6574-9 Hardcover This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of a ll materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted reproduced transmitted or utilized in any form by any electronic mechanical or other means now known or hereafter invented including photocopying microfilming and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work please access http or contact