tailieunhanh - Integrated Assessment of Health and Sustainability of Agroecosystems - Chapter 3

Hệ sinh thái nông nghiệp sức khỏe và tính bền vững dựa trên giá trị định hướng và thay đổi các khái niệm. Cả hai đều đòi hỏi rằng các vấn đề liên quan đến con người, quyền lực, và tập quán được giải quyết một cách rõ ràng. Hoạt động sự tham gia của các cộng đồng trong sức khỏe sinh thái nông nghiệp và đánh giá tính bền vững và thực hiện được dựa trên bốn nguyên tắc chính. Đầu tiên là những người kinh nghiệm một hiện tượng kinh tế xã hội là những người đủ điều. | 3 Community Participation and the Integration of Agroecosystem Health and Sustainability Concerns into Practical Decision Making INTRODUCTION Agroecosystem health and sustainability are value-based and change-oriented concepts. Both require that issues concerning people power and praxis be explicitly addressed. Active participation of communities in agroecosystem health and sustainability assessment and implementation is based on four key principles. The first is that those who experience a socioeconomic phenomenon are the most qualified to describe and investigate it DePoy et al. 1999 . The second is based on the proposition by Lewin that causal inferences about human activity systems are more likely to be valid when the human beings in question participate in building and testing them Argyris and Schon 1991 . The Freirian theme that poor people can and should be enabled to conduct an analysis of their own reality Freire 1968 is another predicate for the inclusion of communities in the process. Another reason for a participatory approach is that agroecosystem health and sustainability are not objectively verifiable states of a hard system which means that actions geared toward some long-term plans but based on current evaluations of health and sustainability are likely to become less relevant as the system evolves over time and space. Emphasis should shift to iterative planning implementation and reflection coupled with continuous monitoring and regular evaluation of progress toward the long-term goals. These processes of planning action and reflection should be structured in such a way that they are self-perpetuating confluent with the local context and operational within the local decision-making process. The only practical way of achieving this is by enhancing the capacity of communities in the agroecosystem to monitor plan and implement their own health and sustainability programs. In the recent past several techniques for the systematic involvement of .