tailieunhanh - Báo cáo sinh học: " Codon usage in vertebrates is associated with a low risk of acquiring nonsense mutations"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Codon usage in vertebrates is associated with a low risk of acquiring nonsense mutations | n JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE Amino Acid Codons w Trp Tryptophan TGG Y Tyr Tyrosine TAC TAT c Cys Cysteine TGC TGT E Glu Glutamic acid GAA GAG K Lys Lysine AAA AAG Q Gin Glutamine CAA CAG s Ser Serine AGC AGT TCA TCC TCG TCT L Leu Leucine TTA TTG CTA CTC CTG CTT R Arg Arginine AGA AGG CGA CGC CGG CGT G Gly Glycine GGA GGC GGG GGT F Phe Phenylalanine TTC TTT D Asp Aspartic acid GAC GAT H His Histidine CAC CAT N Asn Asparagine AAC AAT M Met Methionine ATG A Ala Alanine GCA GCC GCG GCT p Pro Proline CCA ccc CCG CCT T Thr Threonine ACA ACC ACG ACT V Vai Valine GTA GTC GTG GTT 1 lie Isoleucine ATA ATC ATT X STP Stop codon TAA TAG TGA Codon usage in vertebrates is associated with a low risk of acquiring nonsense mutations Schmid and Flegel Schmid and Flegel Journal of Translational Medicine 2011 9 87 http content 9 1 87 8 June 2011 BioMed Central Schmid and Flegel Journal of Translational Medicine 2011 9 87 http content 9 1 87 JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE RESEARCH Open Access Codon usage in vertebrates is associated with a low risk of acquiring nonsense mutations Pirmin Schmid and Willy A Flegel Abstract Background Codon usage in genomes is biased towards specific subsets of codons. Codon usage bias affects translational speed and accuracy and it is associated with the tRNA levels and the GC content of the genome. Spontaneous mutations drive genomes to a low GC content. Active cellular processes are needed to maintain a high GC content which influences the codon usage of a species. Loss-of-function mutations such as nonsense mutations are the molecular basis of many recessive alleles which can greatly affect the genome of an organism and are the cause of many genetic diseases in humans. Methods We developed an event based model to calculate the risk of acquiring nonsense mutations in coding sequences. Complete coding sequences and genomes of 40 eukaryotes were analyzed for GC and CpG content codon .