tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Extent and distribution of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) regeneration by adult trees individually dispersed over a spruce monoculture"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về sinh học được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp đề tài: Extent and distribution of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) regeneration by adult trees individually dispersed over a spruce monoculture. | JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE 56 2010 12 589-599 Extent and distribution of beech Fagus sylvatica L. regeneration by adult trees individually dispersed over a spruce monoculture L. Dobrovolný V. Tesar Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic ABSTRACT Recently individually dispersed adult beech trees have regenerated in spruce monocultures and this fact could be used to manage the transformation of stands into a mixed forest. Three such cases in the fir-beech and spruce-beech forest zones were analyzed. Beech regeneration is dispersed to distances of several hundred meters regardless of the configuration of the terrain. Using a model we describe this process by a dispersion curve that can be broken up into three sections 1 directly under the crown as the result of barochory 2 from 15 to 30 m from the trunk where the barochoric and zoochoric dispersal of beech nuts intersects 3 from the breakpoint to farther away as a result of zoochory. Regeneration is utilizable as an optimal or at least acceptable method for creating the next economically valuable stands only in sections 1 and 2. In section 3 individual trees may be the central points for the transformation of the second successive forest generation. With spontaneous development without protection from game the density is in the range of hundreds of individuals in protected groups density can be in the range of tens of thousands of individuals per hectare. Keywords beech dispersed trees forest dynamics regeneration transformation of spruce monocultures The successful regeneration of each tree species is dependent on many favourable circumstances and regeneration is not often successful even when it is managed using the application of all available biological knowledge. Therefore the high regeneration potential of beech which has been recorded approximately over the last twenty years is noteworthy. It is particularly surprising for the fact that .