tailieunhanh - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 26

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 26. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 220 todd OAklEy salient on some aspect of the recipient with only secondary focus on the transported object as in I am going to give it back to him. Pauwels s 1995 study of the verb put suggests that the containment schema and its entailments are crucial for understanding this verb s various metaphorical usages from those profiling an inferred destination as in put in a good word for me to those profiling a loss of control as in put out a statement. In Cienki s 1998 study of straight he presents evidence that straight is an image schema as it represents a recurrent pattern of action perception and conception. Cienki offers evidence mostly from English and Russian variants of prjamo that sensory-perceptual meanings of straight are metaphorically extended into abstract domains of speech thought time and behavior. Both Russian and English evidence straight as either an object or location metaphor. For instance speech thought time and behavior can be expressed as straight objects . a straight answer or alternately as self-propelled motions along a rectilinear path . Say it straight to my face . Cienki argues that straight has much in common with verticality schemas and straight correlates strongly in these languages with up while antonyms like bent correlate with down. Straight marks a recurring regularity with our everyday perceptual interaction with the world which in turn provides reason to believe that it patterns our everyday social interactions as well. Even non-Indo-European languages like Hungarian and Japanese evidence regular extensions of straight into abstract domains of speech and morality such that maximally informative speech is straight and morality is straight while its opposites are bent curved convoluted or crooked. Ekberg 1995 analyzes various linguistic manipulations of the verticality schema in English and Swedish and argues that there are five principles of transformation of the canonical verticality image schemas. The first principle is .