tailieunhanh - Insecticides Pest Engineering Part 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'insecticides pest engineering part 7', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Susceptibility Status of Aedes aegypti to Insecticides in Colombia 169 Synergists These are chemicals that specifically inhibit insecticide-metabolizing enzymes enhancing their action. Among the synergists more used to detect resistance mechanisms in Insects are the S S S - tributilfosforotioato DJF and esterases inhibitor and of the enzyme glutathione transferase GST the triphenyl phosphate TFF specific esterase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide PB an inhibitor of monooxygenases and ethacrynic acid EA a specific inhibitor of the enzyme glutathione transferase GST Rodríguez 2008 . Biochemical test The biochemical assays are used to define metabolic mechanisms that may be responsible for the physiological resistance in an insect population WHO 1992 . The metabolic mechanisms include tests to determine the target enzyme decreased sensitivity or the increased enzyme activity. For the first mechanism in particular measures the change in acetylcholinesterase associated with resistance to carbamates and organophosphates. For the second evaluates the increased activity of esterases mixed function oxidases and glutathione s-transferase for kidnapping or increased detoxification of insecticides Santacoloma 2008 . Molecular tests These tests consist in the amplification of specific gene sequences through polymerase chain reaction technique PCR to detect mutations. Current state of susceptibility to insecticides Aedes aegypti in Colombia Since the late forties when first reported resistance to DDT in Aedes tritaeniorhynchus Weidemann and Aedes solicitans Walker resistance has been recorded in over a hundred species for one or more insecticides of public health use worldwide Brown 1986 Fonseca Quinones 2005 . For A. aegypti in America resistance has been reported to organochlorines organophosphates pyrethroids and carbamates in Argentina Brazil Mexico El Salvador Peru Panama Venezuela Cuba Puerto Rico among other Caribbean countries whose resistance mechanism

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