tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " Soil and plant communities development and ecological effectiveness of reclamation on a sand mine cast"

Tham khảo luận văn - đề án 'báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " soil and plant communities development and ecological effectiveness of reclamation on a sand mine cast"', luận văn - báo cáo phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE 54 2008 12 554-565 Soil and plant communities development and ecological effectiveness of reclamation on a sand mine cast M. PlETRZYKOWSKI Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry Agricultural University of Cracow Cracow Poland ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to assess terrestrial ecosystem development mainly vegetation and soil characteristics in the area of a sand mine cast located in southern Poland that has been either reclaimed or left for natural succession. A total of 20 sites in a chronosequence of 5 17 20 and 25 years were set up in two site categories reclaimed and non-reclaimed sites. Selected properties of initial soils and features of vegetation were measured and they included carbon accumulation in soil biomass and diversity of communities were also estimated. Next based on carbon accumulation the energy trapped in ecosystem components was estimated. Although the results of plant community investigation did not show the same distinct differences between site categories the case study suggests that reclamation significantly accelerates ecosystem development. In comparison with spontaneous succession the complete forest reclamation was found to increase the amount of carbon accumulation thickness of humus horizon and energy trapped in soil organic carbon and plant biomass in the developing ecosystem 2-3 times and nitrogen accumulation 5 times. Keywords sand mining reclamation succession initial soils organic matter plant development biodiversity Opencast mines as a post-mining landscape are examples of large-scale land destruction. According to the majority of international laws all surface-mined lands whether for coal or other minerals must receive reclamation treatments. From an ecological point of view reclamation is defined as a measure supporting the development of soils vegetation the wildlife the water balance and water quality in order to allow future land uses such as agriculture or forestry Bradshaw Huttl .