tailieunhanh - Waste Forms Technology and Performance: Final Report

The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. This report, which was requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. | Waste Forms Technology and Performance Final Report Committee on Waste Forms Technology and Performance Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board Division of Earth and Life Studies NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington . Prepublication Copy THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street . Washington DC 20001 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by Contract Grant No. DE-FC01-04EW07022 between the National Academy of Sciences and the . Department of Energy. Any opinions findings conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author s and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN 978-0-309-18733-6 Additional copies of this report are available from The National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street . Lockbox 285 Washington DC 20055 800 624-6242 202 334-3313 in the Washington metropolitan area http Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Prepublication Copy THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisers io the Nation on Science Engineering and Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is a private nonprofit self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863 the Academy has a mandate

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• Disposal Systems
• Disposal Environments
• Waste Processing
• Possible Opportunities
• Regulatory Factors
• Biographical Sketches
• Nuclear energy
• Spent nuclear fuel
• Decay heat
• Boiling water reactor
• Value Calculation
• Atomic Energy
• Endocrinology of lactation
• Biochemical screening
• human pregnancy
• Domestic Sources
• Previous Reports
• Committee Members
• Critical Capabilities
• Addressing Strategic
• Process Improvements
• Business Innovation
• Past Reports
• Baseline Process
• Overall Resources
• Water Contamination
• Health Risks
• TECHNICAL PROBLEM
• Technology Board
• Health Care
• Medical Evidence
• Circumstances Accelerating
• Information Technology
• Early Mathematics
• Developmental Variation
• Sociocultural Influences
• Information Center
• Eisenhower National
• Educational Resources
• Teacher Education
• Industry Initiatives
• Competitive Foods
• Open Sessions
• Nutrition Standards
• NUTRITION LABELING
• FOOD FORTIFICATION
• Conceptual Model
• Discretionary Fortification
• Management Approach
• Systems Integration
• International Activities
• Gas Separations
• Control Technology
• Plan Implementation
• Water Science
• Enhanced Security
• Information Sharing
• Economic Theory
• PERFORMANCE MEASURES
• Features Considered
• Closing Reflections
• ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
• Economic Accounting
• Valuation Data
• Forest Assets
• Workshop Agenda
• Workshop Participants
• Steering Committee
• the Content Standards
• the National Science
• Technology Readiness
• UGV Development
• Engineering Challenge
• Army Applications
• Technology Development
• Organization of Report
• Health Issues
• Energy Efficiency
• Overall Strategy
• New Partnership
• Infrastructure Matters
• Reciprocal Teaching
• Federal Investments
• SERP Organizational
• WIC Food Packages
• WIC Food Packages: Time for a change
• WIC Supplemental Foods
• WIC Food Instruments
• WIC Eligible Subgroups