tailieunhanh - WETLAND AND WATER RESOURCE MODELING AND ASSESSMENT: A Watershed Perspective - Chapter 21 (end)

Bảo vệ chất lượng nước là rất quan trọng để duy trì sức khỏe con người và tính toàn vẹn sinh thái. Sử dụng bền vững tài nguyên nước là đặc biệt quan trọng ở Trung Quốc do tăng trưởng kinh tế nhanh và đô thị hóa kèm theo trong những năm gần đây. Công nghệ điều khiển truyền thống có xu hướng nhấn mạnh việc thu thập và cách tiếp cận điều trị. Trong những năm gần đây, kiểm soát tại nguồn được công nhận là một thay thế chi phí-hiệu quả hơn. Bởi vì tác động nguồn kỹ. | 21 Watershed Management Practices for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Shaw L. Yu Xiaoyue Zhen and Richard L. Stanford INTRODUCTION Water quality protection is very important to maintaining human health and ecological integrity. A sustainable use of water resources is especially important in China due to the rapid economic growth and the accompanying urbanization in recent years. Traditional control technology tends to emphasize the collection and treatment approach. In recent years control at the source is widely recognized as a more cost-effective alternative. Because source control techniques impact on all sectors of a society socioeconomic factors become important in the implementation of control measures. The watershed protection approach WPA is a strategy for protecting and restoring aquatic ecosystems and protecting human health. This strategy is based on the notion that many water quality and ecosystem problems are best solved at the watershed level rather than at the individual water body or discharger level. WPA is an effective way to protect water quality while at the same time promoting a partnership approach forged by all stakeholders so that a balanced scheme can be realized which will on the one hand protect the water resource in the watershed and on the other hand allow reasonable development in the watershed. Effects of Urbanization on the Water Environment The environmental effects of urbanization are well known. However most of the attention given to the environmental effects of urbanization deal with air pollution from the increased number of automobiles water pollution from the increased density of population and solid wastes. Only now is there increasing attention being paid to the effects of urbanization on natural resources. We have tended to look at the problems associated with such things as water supply only from the demand side related to increased population and not from the supply side considering the effect that .