tailieunhanh - Báo cáo y học: "The chemokine and chemokine receptor superfamilies and their molecular evolution"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Minireview cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The chemokine and chemokine receptor superfamilies and their molecular evolution. | Review The chemokine and chemokine receptor superfamilies and their molecular evolution Albert Zlotnik Osamu Yoshie and Hisayuki Nomiyama Addresses Neurocrine Biosciences Inc. Department of Molecular Medicine 12790 El Camino Real San Diego CA 92130 USA. Department of Microbiology Kinki University School of Medicine Osaka-Sayama Osaka 589-8511 Japan. Department of Biochemistry Kumamoto University Medical School Kumamoto 860-0811 Japan. Correspondence Albert Zlotnik. Email albertzlotnik@ Published 29 December 2006 Genome Biology 2006 7 243 doi gb-2006-7-l2-243 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2006 7 12 243 2006 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The human chemokine superfamily currently includes at least 46 ligands which bind to 18 functionally signaling G-protein-coupled receptors and two decoy or scavenger receptors. The chemokine ligands probably comprise one of the first completely known molecular superfamilies. The genomic organization of the chemokine ligand genes and a comparison of their sequences between species shows that tandem gene duplication has taken place independently in the mouse and human lineages of some chemokine families. This means that care needs to be taken when extrapolating experimental results on some chemokines from mouse to human. The chemokine superfamily includes a large number of ligands that bind to a smaller number of receptors 1 2 . The best known function of the chemokines is the regulation of migration of various cells in the body hence their name from chemotactic cytokines . The importance of the chemokines has grown in recent years as it has become recognized that they are key players in many disease processes including inflammation autoimmune disease infectious diseases such as HIV AIDS and more recently cancer in particular in regulating metastasis 3 . Multiple chemokine ligands can bind to the same receptor the perceived complexity and .