tailieunhanh - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: " Current state of beech bark necrotic disease in southern Poland"

Tuyển tập những bài báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học hay nhất được đăng trên tạp chí JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE đề tài: Current state of beech bark necrotic disease in southern Poland. | JOURNAL OF FOREST SCIENCE 54 2008 10 459-464 Current state of beech bark necrotic disease in Southern Poland A. CicÁK I. Mihál Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen Slovakia ABSTRACT The degree of the beech bark necrotic disease was evaluated in three selected localities in southern Poland in different orographic complexes Beskid Sạdecki Beskid Niski and Bieszczady. The degree is expressed by means of the stem necrotising index ISN crowns necrotising index ICN and whole tree necrotising index INWT . The values of the indices laid in the following limits ISN ICN and INWT . The current status of the beech necrotic disease in Southern Poland can be considered as favourable. The values of ISN recorded in Southern Poland were lower by 30 than the average ISN for whole Slovakia. We also recorded the frequency of selected insect pests Bucculatrix ulmella Zeller Cryptococcus fagi Barensp. and Ectoedemia liebwerdella Zimm. which act in the beech stands as vectors of the necrotic disease. With C. fagi we recorded a high frequency reaching even 100 . In contrast we did not at all observe the occurrence of B. ulmella and E. liebwerdella which are common in the beech stands in Slovakia as well as in Hungary Romania and Bulgaria. In the localities studied we recorded the occurrence of two species of parasitic fungi of the genus Nectria Fr. Fr. causing the beech bark necrotic disease viz. Nectria cos-mariospora Ces et De Not. and N. galligena Bres. ex Strasser. Keywords beech Fagus sylvatica L. necrotic disease stem crown part Southern Poland In recent decades the beech bark necrotic disease has become a serious phytopathogenic silvicultural and landscape-ecological problem in Europe. Locally this disease obtains the character of epiphytocia. It is studied by many authors . in France Decourt et al. 1980 Perrin 1983 Germany Metzler von Erffa 2000 Schutt Summerer 1983 Poland Manka 1997 Rykowski et al. 1989 Austria .